INTRODUCTION:

Surgery is a branch of medicine that treats disease by manual and/or operative. operations include important surgical procedures which are hazardous and incapacitate the patient as well as surgical procedures of lesser importance not involving incapacitation of the patients as application of bandages, splints or dressings catheterization etc. In surgical interventions, procedures being performed on the patient's body with instruments, involving incision, excision, trans-section etc of various parts or organs of body. Hence prior to operations being done a number of factors such as age, sex, diagnosis, operation is planned or is emergency, route of administered anesthesia etc. to be undertaken in consideration for success in the operation which is main aim and objective of treating surgeons. By keeping in mind and in order to get a comprehensive picture of the patients Garg Narendra K (1) and Sharma A.B. (2), this study have undertaken with the objective to know the details of the patients undergone surgical interventions.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

This study was undertaken in a tertiary care hospital attached to a Medical College. One hundred patient of all age group and of both sexes were taken as sample. Some of the patients have undergone surgical procedures in emergency while others in a planned manner. All necessary pathological and other investigations were carried out before diagnosis and procedures.

OBSERVATIONS AND DISCUSSIONS:

On analysis of collected data it was noted that out of one hundred 76% were males in comparison to only 24% female patients. Out of 76 male patients highest proportion i.e 23.63% belong to 50 and above years of age in comparison to their only 8.33% female counter parts. While highest proportion i.e 25% female patients belong to 31 - 40 years of age group than those of their male counter parts, 17.10 % belong to same age group. Regarding other age group it was noted that 14.47, 15.78, 21.05 and 7.89 % male belong to 0 to 10, 11 to 20, 21 to 30 and 41 to 50years of age group in comparison to female i.e 8.33, 12.5, 20.83 and 25.00 respectively in the same age group. (Table - I) reveals that 28% of the cases were found with indication for surgery belong to exploratory laparotomy for perforation peritoritis. Second and the third most common indication were inguinal hermiorrhaphy (20.0%) and Exploratory Laparotorry for intestinal onstruction (9.0%). This was further analysed that 7% and 6% had indications for Cholecystectomy, inguinal Hernia respectively. While 4% each were of appendectomy and suprapubic cystoithotomy . Three patients had indications for simple mastectomy. 2 % each for exploratory laparotomy for trauma, exploratory laparotomy for cancer stomach and eversion of sac. It was further noted that one percent each had an indication for surgical intervention was found suffering from exploratory laparotomy for excision of Hydatid cyst, exploratory laparotomy for C.A. gall blader, suprapubic prostatectomy cleft lip repair, z plasty, recanalisation, circumcision, superficial, parotidectomy, Epigastric herniorrhaphy, Incisional herniorrhaphy, Pyhelolithptomy, Excision of thyroid nodule excision of sebaceous cyst scalp. On further analysis it was found that there were 60% planned and 40% unplanned i.e emergency surgeries was done (Table - II). As far as nature of anesthesia i.e route of administration 73% operated upon by general, 22% by spinal and only 05% surgical procedures were done in local anesthesia (Table - III). As nearly nil such studies was found so authors recommend that the present study will work as base line data for the future such studies. Similarly recommended that more and more such studies must be undertaken which will certainly help in making more accurate diagnosis. To avoid emergency operations an intensive health awareness campaign among general populations and general medical practitioners must be conducted so there may be timely detection of cases, Bansal A. K. et. al (3).

TABLE – I-PATIENTS AS PER THEIR AGE AND SEX

S.No.	Age Group in year	Male n = 76	Female n = 24
1	0 - 10	11 (14.47)	02(08.33)
2	11 - 20	12(15.78)	03(12.50)
3	21 - 30	16(21.05)	05(20.83)
4	31 - 40	13(17.10)	06(25.00)
5	41 - 50	06(07.89)	06(25.00)
6	50 and above	18(23.68)	02(08.33)
	Total	76(100.00)	24(100.00)

TABLE – II-PLANNED AND EMERGENCY SURGIES

S.No.	Surgeries	Number of Patients	Percentage of patients
1	Planned	60	60 %
2	Emergency	40	40 %
		100	100 %

TABLE – III-ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION OF ANAESTHESIA

S.No.	Route of Administration	Number of Cases	Percentage of cases
1	General Anaesthesia	73	73 %
2	Spinal Anaesthesia	22	22 %
3	Local Anaesthesia	05	05.00 %
	Total	100	100.00 %

REFERENCES

1. Garg Narendra K : Evaluation of impact of emesis and emesis plus purgation. Research J Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics : 2 (2) March - April : 201 - 202

2. Garg Narendra K and Sharma AB : Epidemiological [profile of patients attending a tertiary care hospital, Kuktasar Punjab. Research J of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics.

3. Bansal A.K and Garg Narendra K (2001) Information education and communication in context of reproductive and Child Health including HIV/ AIDS J of Ravi Shankar University, Vol . 14 No. B (Science) 28- 34.

Received on 08.06.2015 Modified on 23.06.2015

Res. J. Pharmacology & P’dynamics. 7(3): July-Sept., 2015; Page 151-152

DOI: 10.5958/2321-5836.2015.00029.4